?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_id=doi%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-024-79106-7&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.au=Ashiq%2C+Waqar&rft.aufirst=Waqar&rft.aulast=Ashiq&rft.title=Scientific+Reports&rft.issue=1&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft.atitle=Roman+urdu+hate+speech+detection+using+hybrid+machine+learning+models+and+hyperparameter+optimization&rft.date=Noviembre+2024&rft.volume=14&rft.genre=article